ENGLISH GRAMMAR

The grammatical rules covered by this guide are categorized by part of speech. You will find the categories listed below. English grammar is not always simple to understand, but by referring to this grammar guide you'll be able to remember the rules and apply them with confidence.

NOUNS
Nouns are people, places, and things. They tell us who or what we are talking about. The words cat, Jack, rock, Africa, & it are nouns.

ADJECTIVES
Adjectives modify, or describe, nouns. The words tall, beautiful, irresponsible, & boring are adjectives.

ADVERBS
Adverbs modify adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs. They tell us how, when, & where things happen. They describe quantity, intensity, and opinion.

DETERMINERS
Articles, quantifiers, and other types of determiners modify nouns. They are similar to adjectives in that way. Determiners help us specify which thing we are talking about.

VERBS AND VERB TENSES
Verbs are the action words in English. They tell us what is happening and when (past, present, future). They also express conditions and possibilities.

PUNCTUATION
Punctuation marks are not a part of spoken grammar, but they are essential to good writing.

REPORTING SPEECH
When people say something, we can report what they say directly or refer to what they told us indirectly. Reporting speech is an important area of grammar.

RELATIVE CLAUSES
Use relative clauses in English to give more information about the subject of the sentence.

Tuesday, December 9, 2014

have you received/did you receive

"Did you receive//Have you received my email/letter?" Which one is correct grammar?


Actually they're both correct. The context would determine which works better.

We use "Have you received...?" if there is still a chance that they will receive it in the future.


If you sent a snail mail yesterday, you might ask, today, "Have you received my letter [yet]?"

But if you sent the letter three months ago, it should have been delivered by now. If it hasn't been delivered it's probably lost, and won't be delivered. You's ask, "Did you receive my letter?"


Here's an example:
1. A certain magician died last week, and he had a big funeral.
A: He must have been popular to have such a big funeral.
B: Yes he was. Didn't you ever see his act? (It's too late to see it.)

2. A certain singer is still alive, and is putting on a concert.
A: Is she very famous?
B: Of course. Haven't you ever heard her sing? (It's still possible to hear her sing.)
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